普通的配电箱通常防护措施都不是很多，一旦出现火灾的事故就会扩散点燃源并且有可能会成为爆炸的发生点，那么引起配电箱起火的主要因素是哪些？

Ordinary distribution boxes usually do not have many protective measures. Once a fire accident occurs, it can spread to the ignition source and potentially become the point of explosion. So, what are the main factors that cause a fire in a distribution box?

　　（1）漏电火灾

(1) Leakage fire

　　漏电就是说线路的某一处因为某种因素导致电线的绝缘或支架材料自身的绝缘能力下降，从而导致线路之间导线与地面有电流通过，而这种就是明显的漏电情况。当配电箱发生漏电的情况时泄露的电流在流入大地途中如果遇到电阻较大的部分时，就会产生局部的高温现象从而导致附近的易燃物起火引发火灾事故。

Leakage refers to a situation where the insulation of a wire or the insulation capacity of the support material itself decreases due to certain factors in a certain part of the circuit, resulting in the passage of current between the wires and the ground. This is an obvious leakage situation. When there is leakage in the distribution box, if the leaked current flows into the ground and encounters a part with high resistance, it will generate local high temperature phenomenon, leading to nearby flammable materials catching fire and causing fire accidents.

　　（2）短路火灾

(2) Short circuit fire

　　电气线路中的裸导线或是绝缘导线出现破损情况时，火线与邻线地线产生接触是就会引起电流增大，这也就是我们常说的短路情况。而短路时电阻会较少电流增大，并且会瞬间造成很大的发热量，当超过了线路正常工作发热量时短路点很容易产生电火花或电弧，而产生的电火花电弧会迅速的将绝缘层点燃，从而引起附近可燃物起火造成火灾危险。

When bare or insulated wires in electrical circuits are damaged, the contact between live wires and adjacent ground wires will cause an increase in current, which is commonly known as a short circuit situation. When there is a short circuit, the resistance will decrease and the current will increase, and it will instantly cause a large amount of heat generation. When the heat generated exceeds the normal working heat of the circuit, the short circuit point is prone to generating electric sparks or arcs, which will quickly ignite the insulation layer, causing nearby combustibles to catch fire and posing a fire hazard.

　　（3）过负荷火灾

(3) Overload fire

　　过负荷火灾的产生原理与短路火灾是有些相似的，导线中通过的电流量超过规定的载流量时；

The principle of overload fire is somewhat similar to short-circuit fire, when the current passing through the wire exceeds the specified current carrying capacity;

　　导线温度会不断的升高，这就是过负荷。而一旦出现过负荷的情况就会加快绝缘层的老化速度，当出现严重的过负荷情况时导线的温度会不断地升高，此时就很有可能一起导线绝缘起火。

The wire temperature will continue to rise, which is overload. Once an overload occurs, it will accelerate the aging rate of the insulation layer. When a serious overload occurs, the temperature of the wire will continue to rise, and it is very likely that the wire insulation will catch fire together.

　　（4）接触电阻过大火灾

(4) Fire caused by excessive contact resistance

　　在较大电流通过的电气线路时，如果在某个地方出现接触电阻过大的现象时，就会在接触电阻过大的局部范围内产生极大的热量，使金属变色甚熔化，引起导线的绝缘层发生燃烧，并引燃烧附近的可燃物或导线上积落的粉尘、纤维等，从而造成火灾。

When a large current passes through an electrical circuit, if there is a phenomenon of excessive contact resistance in a certain area, it will generate great heat within the local range of the excessive contact resistance, causing the metal to change color or even melt, causing the insulation layer of the wire to burn, and igniting nearby combustibles or dust, fibers, etc. accumulated on the wire, thereby causing a fire.

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